The Salem Witch Trials

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The Salem Witch Trials would be fueled by residents’ suspicions and resentment toward their neighbors, as well as their fear of outsiders…

The Salem Witch Trials were a series of hearings followed by county court trials to prosecute people accused of witchcraft in a variety of towns across Massachusetts Bay Colony, between February 1692 and May 1693. Over 150 people were arrested and imprisoned, and 19 were eventually hanged. In Salem Village in early 1692, nine-year-old Betty Parris, the minister’s daughter, and her cousin, eleven-year-old Abigail Williams, began to be afflicted with strange fits, involving screaming and other strange sounds, complaints of being pinched and pricked with pins. Soon, other young women in the village, including precocious twelve-year-old Ann Putnam and two seventeen-year-olds, Mercy Lewis and Mary Walcott, began to exhibit similar behaviors, and became some of the most dramatic accusers.

During James I’s reign the ‘New World’ of America was discovered and witch hunting continued there. Witches and witchcraft were a scary reality for people who lived in the 16th and 17th centuries in England. They could inflict diseases on people, spoil crops, bring bad weather, and perform other unspeakable acts of the Devil’s work.

The first three people accused of witchcraft, and arrested for allegedly afflicting these fits, were Sarah Good, Sarah Osborne, and Tituba. Tituba admitted to being a witch, and to flying through the sky on a broom with Good and Osborn. The reverend and other local ministers then began witch-hunting. Tituba’s confession started the Witch Trials of Salem. Her confession made the people panic and they started a massive witch-hunt. The Massachusetts Bay Colonists had accused and convicted other people of witchcraft before, with Margaret Jones being one of them in 1648, but nobody in the colony confessed to being a witch or stated that there were other witches out there. The simple confession from Tituba sparked the colonist’s fears of the Devil trying to infiltrate and destroy Christians and their

—Works Cited
http://www.witchcraftandwitches.com/trials_salem.html

http://thetudorenthusiast.weebly.com/my-tudor-blog/witchcraft-in-16th-17th-century-england

http://historyofmassachusetts.org/the-salem-witch-trials/

Becoming a United States Citizen

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The story “The Teacher Who Changed My Life” led me to this topic of “How to become a U.S. citizen.” The story is about a nine year old boy from Greece whose mother sent him to live with his father in the United States while she stays back and dies because of her decision to send her kids away. The topic best relates to the story because the kid needed to become a United States citizen in order for him to achieve the things he dreams of.

There are a couple of steps in becoming a United States Citizen and doing so can take a couple of years or more than you expect it would. The first step would be to check your eligibility. If you are eligible for citizenship then you should apply for U.S. residency, and live in the U.S. for at least five years. After applying for U.S residency you should then complete the citizenship application process, which can take up to a year. In applying for American Citizenship, there’s a lot of work and papers you would need to file and you would need a lot of patience in doing so; if you would like to look more into the steps of becoming a citizen then you can visit https://www.reference.com/government-politics/long-become-u-s-citizen-ea0887ea9be52fbd. Some people would also like to know how much money they would be spending during this process. Well, according to https://www.us-immigration.com/blog/how-much-does-it-cost-to-apply-for-us-citizenship the current filling fee for Form N-400, which are the needed papers for becoming a U.S citizen, the application for Naturalization cost $725, this includes the $640 citizenship application fees and the $85 background check cost, which is also know as the biometric fee.

You sometimes catch yourself asking how many people becomes a U.S citizen in a year or so. According to globalpublicsquare.blogs.cnn.com/2012/…/immigration-nation-what-you-need-to-know/ in the last decade, an average of 700,000 people a year became naturalized citizens of the United States. That’s roughly one each year for every 500 U.S residents, or one every 79 seconds. As of 2012 the population of illegal immigrants in the U.S is estimated to be approximately 11.43 million, roughly 3.7% of the United States population. 59% of the immigrants in the country illegally are from Mexico, and 25% of all immigrants in the country illegally reside in California. But legally more than one million people were granted legal permanent residency (LPR) in the U.S. in 2012. The number one country for these immigrants are from Mexico, with about 150,000 Mexicans legally becoming permanent residents.

How to survive by oneself in the extreme cold

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This week in English class we read, “To Build a Fire” which is a story about a guy who is new to the Yukon Territory accompanied by his dog. This story led me to the topic ‘How to survive by oneself in the extreme cold’ because the character is very unprepared for his journey into a new territory that he really knows nothing about with very little supplies. He has some basic survival skills but not the type of skills you would need to survive in negative 75 degrees on a frozen river.

Some basic tips for being out in the extreme cold alone are keeping a positive mental attitude, knowing how to gather water, and knowing how to make a fire. Keeping a positive attitude will always help out while you are out in the cold alone with no one else around. While keeping that positive attitude, you can always assure you don’t overreact to anything. Because with overreaction comes panic and panicking would be the last thing you would want to do while alone in the cold or wild. If you would like to read some more tips about building a fire and gathering water go to www.thebugoutbagguide.com/basic-survival-skills/. What type of shelters do you think you could make while in the extreme cold? If you’d like to share some of your thoughts about where you would build or what type of shelter you could build leave some ideas in the comments below.

The best type of shelter I think you could build while alone in the cold would be the Snow Cave. The snow cave is an effective shelter because snow is a great insulator, and when you are out in the cold you would want something that could keep heat in and keep the cold out. While building your snow cave, you would want to keep your roof archer for strength and to allow melted snow to drain down the sides, and if you would like to have a fire in your snow cave you would probably want some type of ventilation like a hole big enough for smoke to go out in the corner or something. For sleep you could either get a bunch of leaves to lie on so you would not have to lie on the bare ground, or you could build a sleeping platform. To build a sleeping platform, you should build it higher than the doorway and keep away from the caves wall or better yet dig a very small trench between your sleeping platform and the wall so any snow melting would run off into the trench. If you would like to read more about how to build different types of shelters you could pay a visit to this website to learn more www.survival-manual.com/cold-weather-survival.php. Now let’s talk about what type of vegetation you could possibly ear in the cold.

There are many types of vegetation in the wild or in different climates, but there are only certain types you could possibly ear. Some of them could be flowers, tree bark, grass, bugs, or insects in general. But here are a few types of edible plants, these plants are in the Yukon Territory region; Arrow head, Catnip, Chickweed, Chicory, Clovers, Cow-lily, Dandelion, Elephant head lousewort, and last but not least Golden rod. These are only a few examples of edible plants in the Yukon region. If you like to read about some more plants that you could eat, you can visit this website www.northernbushcraft.com/guide.php?ctgy=edible_plants&region=yt. If you would like to ask any questions do so in the comments below.